Thai Language
Standard Thai, also known as Central Thai is the official language of
Thailand, spoken by over 20 million people (2000) including speakers of
Bangkok, there are also many dialects in Thailand such as Paa-saa E-sarn
(Northeastern Thai), Paa-saa Neua (Northern Thai) and Paa-saa Dtai (Southern Thai)
but most speakers of dialects and minority languages speak Central Thai as
well, since it is the language used in schools and universities all across the
Kingdom.
Transcription
There is no universal standard for transcribing Thai into the Latin
alphabet; Guide books, text books and dictionaries may each follow different
systems. For this reason, most language courses recommend that learners master
the Thai script.
Thai Consonants
There are 44
consonants in the Thai language which are grouped into three different classes.
Each letter is named after something, for example, Gor- gài. "Gor" is
the sound that letter makes and "Gài" is a chicken. You will see that
a lot of letters have the same sound so in the end you will only have to learn
21 sounds. However, some letters change their sound when they come at the end
of a word. In total there are only eight final sounds. There are also some
letters which we do not use much
Consonants tones
High class: there are
11 high class consonants. Three tones are possible (low, falling and rising)
and two of the tone marks (mâi eeg and mâi toh) can be used;
พยัญชนะเสียงสูง = ข ฃ ฉ ฐ ถ ผ ฝ ศ ษ ส ห
Middle class: there
are nine middle class consonants. All five tones are possible and all four tone
marks can be used;
พยัญชนะเสียงกลาง = ก จ ฎ ฏ ด ต บ ป อ
Low class: there are 24 low class
consonants. All five tones are possible and two of the tone marks (mâi eeg and
mâi toh) can be used;
พยัญชนะเสียงต่ำ= ค ฅ ฆ ง ช ซ ฌ ญ ฑ ฒ
ณ ท ธ น พ ฟ ภ ม ย ร ล ว ฬ ฮ
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